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BLOCK OF THE WEEK: TARGET
本周方块：标靶

Ready, aim, redstone!
准备，瞄准，发射红石信号！

Until recently, if you wanted to host an archery competition in Minecraft, you had two options. The first was to shoot at live prey – either hostile mobs from a spawner, or passive mobs (noooo not the sheep!).
曾经，如果你想在Minecraft里面举办一场射箭比赛，你有两个选项。一种是去射击还活着的猎物—从刷怪笼里面刷出敌对生物或者被动生物（不……不要打绵羊！）

The second was to use a button, which activates when shot. But buttons are tiny, so the whole thing was really hard. That’s why, at Minecon Live 2019, we introduced a solution. The target block, which will be making its way into the game in update 1.16 – the Nether Update.
第二种是去射击会在被射中时激活的按钮。不过按钮很小，所以这个方案很难。这就是为什么，在2019年的Minecon Live中，我们介绍了一个解决办法。在1.16—下界更新中，加入的标靶就是这个问题解决办法。

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To make one, you’ll need a hay bale and four piles of redstone arranged around it in a 3x3 crafting grid. Now here’s where the magic happens. Plop down a target, take a few steps back, and then throw something at it. An egg, a snowball, a splash potion, a firework rocket, an ender pearl, a trident, or a good ol’ fashioned arrow from a bow. All of them will work.
为了制造标靶，你需要在3x3的工作台界面中用一个干草块和4个摆在周围的红石粉合成。现在魔法出现了。放置一个标靶，往后走几步，然后往它身上丢个东西。一个鸡蛋，一个雪球，一瓶喷溅型药水，一个烟花火箭，一个末影珍珠，一把三叉戟或者一根在弓上的箭，它们都会起效果。

When hit, the target will give off a few ticks of redstone power, with the amount of power proportional to how close your projectile hit the centre of the block. Hit the edge? You’ll get a signal of 1. If you manage to hit it right in the bullseye, though, you’ll get a signal strength of 15. An observer will also detect if the block has been hit.
当标靶被击中时，它会生成几个游戏刻的红石信号，信号强度取决于你的投掷物离标靶中心有多远。你击中了边缘？会生成强度为1的红石信号。如果你成功击中了中心，会生成强度为15的红石信号。侦测器也会在标靶被击中时侦测到变化。

Once the archery competition is over, you can break the target again and take it home. A target can be broken with any tool, or even your bare hands, but a hoe is the fastest way.
一旦射箭比赛结束了，你可以破坏标靶并把它带回家。标靶可以被任何工具破坏，甚至徒手都可以，不过用锄头是最快的方式。

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In the real world, shooting targets have been around since before we started recording history. Hunter-gatherers likely practiced their spear-throwing and arrow-shooting on trees, and perhaps even some sort of purpose-built target like a mound of dirt, way back in the Stone Age.
在现实生活中，射击目标的行为甚至在有史之前就已经出现了。采集渔猎者可能会在树上练习投矛和射箭，甚至可能在石器时代就已经出现用泥土当标靶的行为了。

The earliest record we have of archery contests dates back to China 3,000 years ago, but the modern sport of target archery can trace its origins to England during the 14th century. The English had just invented the longbow, and it was considered the country’s most important weapon but was kinda difficult to use. So in 1363, by royal decree, a law was enacted that obliged all Englishmen to practice archery on Sundays and other holidays. The law wasn’t fully repealed until 1960.
最早的射箭比赛记录是在3000年前的中国，不过现代的射击标靶的行为可以追溯到14世纪的英国。那时英国人才刚发明长弓，而且长弓被视为全国最重要的武 器，虽然它有一点难用。所以在1363年，皇家立法者颁布了一个允许英国人在每周日和节假日联系射箭的法令。这个法令直到1960年才被完善。

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You might be wondering why archery targets look the way they do – with concentric circles. This probably originates from the coiled straw mats that early competitions used to quickly see who shot closest to the center of a target. The design originated sometime before the mid-1700s, but their exact origin is lost to history.
你可能在疑惑为什么标靶的图案是那样的—有着同心圆。这一设计很可能起源于在过去的比赛中，人们用卷起的草垫来看谁射击得离标靶中心最近。这个设计在18世纪中期之前就出现了，但是确切的起源已经被埋没在了历史长河中。

Circles don’t exist in Minecraft, of course, so our targets are concentric squares instead. This is good news for you, the player, because it gives you a larger area to hit. That in turn will make you look more impressive to your friends and family – just one of the little services we perform for you every day. You’re welcome.
当然，在Minecraft中圆不存在，所以我们的标靶是用同心正方形代替。这对你一个玩家来说是个好消息，因为这让你有更大的区域去射击。这种相反会让你的家人朋友对此更加印象深刻—这是我们给你的日常的小服务。不用客气。